NDLI: A compiler-level intermediate representation based binary analysis and rewriting system

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A compiler-level intermediate representation based binary analysis and rewriting system

A compiler-level intermediate representation based binary analysis and rewriting system

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Kotha, Aparna Barua, Rajeev Giles, Nathan Anand, Kapil Smithson, Matthew Gruen, Jim Elwazeer, Khaled
Abstract	This paper presents component techniques essential for converting executables to a high-level intermediate representation (IR) of an existing compiler. The compiler IR is then employed for three distinct applications: binary rewriting using the compiler's binary back-end, vulnerability detection using source-level symbolic execution, and source-code recovery using the compiler's C backend. Our techniques enable complex high-level transformations not possible in existing binary systems, address a major challenge of input-derived memory addresses in symbolic execution and are the first to enable recovery of a fully functional source-code. We present techniques to segment the flat address space in an executable containing undifferentiated blocks of memory. We demonstrate the inadequacy of existing variable identification methods for their promotion to symbols and present our methods for symbol promotion. We also present methods to convert the physically addressed stack in an executable (with a stack pointer) to an abstract stack (without a stack pointer). Our methods do not use symbolic, relocation, or debug information since these are usually absent in deployed executables. We have integrated our techniques with a prototype x86 binary framework called SecondWrite that uses LLVM as IR. The robustness of the framework is demonstrated by handling executables totaling more than a million lines of source-code, produced by two different compilers (gcc and Microsoft Visual Studio compiler), three languages (C, C++, and Fortran), two operating systems (Windows and Linux) and a real world program (Apache server).
Starting Page	295
Ending Page	308
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781450319942
DOI	10.1145/2465351.2465380
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	2013-04-15
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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