NDLI: Fast and practical instruction-set randomization for commodity systems

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Fast and practical instruction-set randomization for commodity systems

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Keromytis, Angelos D. Portokalidis, Georgios
Abstract	Instruction-set randomization (ISR) is a technique based on randomizing the "language" understood by a system to protect it from code-injection attacks. Such attacks were used by many computer worms in the past, but still pose a threat as it was confirmed by the recent Conficker worm outbreak, and the latest exploits targeting some of Adobe's most popular products. This paper presents a fast and practical implementation of ISR that can be applied on currently deployed software. Our solution builds on a binary instrumentation tool to provide an ISR-enabled execution environment entirely in software. Applications are randomized using a simple XOR function and a 16-bit key that is randomly generated every time an application is launched. Shared libraries can be also randomized using separate keys, and their randomized versions can be used by all applications running under ISR. Moreover, we introduce a key management system to keep track of the keys used in the system. To the best of our knowledge we are the first to apply ISR on truly shared libraries. Finally, we evaluate our implementation using real applications including the Apache web server, and the MySQL database server. For the first, we show that our implementation has negligible overhead (less than 1%) for static HTML loads, while the overhead when running MySQL can be as low as 75%. We see that our system can be used with little cost with I/O intensive network applications, while it can also be a good candidate for deployment with CPU intensive applications, in scenarios where security outweighs performance.
Starting Page	41
Ending Page	48
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781450301336
DOI	10.1145/1920261.1920268
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	2010-12-06
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Randomization Code-injection Performance Security
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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