NDLI: How can groups communicate when they use different languages?

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Volume 9, Issue 4, Oct. 1988

Volume 9, Issue 2-3, April & July 1988

The rapport multimedia conferencing system

Collaborative modeling and negotiation

How can groups communicate when they use different languages?

Quilt: a collaborative tool for cooperative writing

Problems in modelling tasks and task views

OTM: specifying office tasks

Using a planner to support office work

Customizing cooperative office procedures by planning

AMS: a knowledge-based approach to task representation, organization and coordination

Computers' impact on productivity and work life

The impact of electronic mail on managerial and organizational communications

The influence of training on use of end-user software

Disaligning macro, meso and micro due process: a case study of office automation in Quebec colleges

Cost benefit analysis of information systems: a survey of methodologies

Collection and analysis of data from communication system networks

Playing the language-games of design and use-on skill and participation

Social choice theory and distributed decision making

Document query processing strategies: cost evaluation and heuristics

Automatic generation of hypertext knowledge bases

Knowledge based document classification supporting integrated document handling

Shared books: collaborative publication management for an office information system

Seeing the forest for the trees: hierarchical displays of hypertext structures

Employing voice back channels of facilitate audio document retrieval

Browsing within time-driven multimedia documents

Interactive retrieval office documents

An experimental multi-media bridging system

An application oriented approach to view updates

Aggregation and generalization hierarchies in office automation

Object flavor evolution in an object-oriented database system

Supporting OIS design through semantic queries

An object oriented system implementing KNOs

A commitment-based communication model for distributed office environments

Market automation: self-regulation in a distributed environment

The Ubik configurator

Volume 9, Issue 1, Jan., 1988

How can groups communicate when they use different languages?

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Malone, Thomas W. Lee, Jintae
Abstract	Many office systems are based on various types of messages, forms, or other documents. When users of such systems need to communicate with people who use different document types, some kind of translation is necessary. In this paper, we explore the space of general solutions to this translation problem and propose several specific solutions to it. After first illustrating the problem in the Information Lens electronic messaging system, we identify two partly conflicting objectives that any translation scheme should satisfy: preservation of meaning and autonomous evolution of group languages. Then we partition the space of possible solutions to this problem in terms of the set theoretic relations between group languages and a common language. This leads to four primary solution classes and we illustrate and evaluate each one. Finally, we describe a composite scheme that combines many of the best features of the other schemes. Even though our examples deal primarily with extensions to the Information Lens system, the analysis also suggests how other kinds of office systems might exploit specialization hierarchies of document types to simplify the translation problem.Computer-based office systems often use various types of messages, forms, and other documents to communicate information. When all the people who wish to communicate with each other use exactly the same types of documents, translation problems do not arise. However, when people want to communicate with others who use different kinds of documents, some kind of translation is necessary. The needs for such translation seem likely to become increasingly common as more and more diverse kinds of systems are linked into heterogeneous networks.We have been particularly concerned with one instance of this problem that arises in the context of template-based communication systems (e.g. [Malone et.al.87b], [Tsichritzis 82]). The problem is how users of such systems can communicate with other users who have a different set of templates. Other examples of the problem may arise when users of different word processing systems wish to exchange documents, or when different companies wish to use Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) standards to exchange business forms such as purchase orders and invoices.In this paper, we will explore the space of general solutions to this translation problem and propose several specific schemes for solving it. Our primary goal has been to design extensions to the Information Lens system ([Malone et. al. 87a], [Malone et. al. 87b]) that allow different groups to communicate with each other when (1) the groups use some, but not all, of the same types of messages, and (2) the message types used by each group may change over time.In the first section of the paper, we illustrate the problem as it arises in the context of the Information Lens system. In the second section, we state the problem more precisely in terms of the objectives that we want its solution to satisfy. In Section 3, we explore the space of possible solutions by suggesting a dimension along which to partition the space and examining a representative solution for each class. In Section 4, we propose a new scheme that combines most of the desirable features of the solutions we explored. Finally, we conclude by hinting at the implications that this research might have for more general contexts.
Starting Page	22
Ending Page	29
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	08940819
DOI	10.1145/966861.45413
Journal	ACM SIGOIS Bulletin (SIGO)
Volume Number	9
Issue Number	2-3
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	1994-08-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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