NDLI: From teaching-machine to automatic tutor:The changing man-machine interface

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Wilcox, Thomas R. Nievergelt, Jurg
Abstract	A steadily increasing fraction of human activities involves interacting with machines, and this interaction will become more sophisticated as more and more machines in our environment are controlled by computers. As the degree of sophistication of this interaction increases, its quality becomes more important. This is particularly true in computer-based education where a student is expected to learn something by interacting with a machine for an extended period of time. Quality of interaction has various aspects. The most obvious is the physical properties of the man-machine interface: to what extent does the machine allow the human senses of sight, sound, touch to come into play? Early teaching machines were at best suitable for rote training tasks in restricted applications. Only recently have computer terminals been developed whose physical properties make this interface suitable for computer-based education in a wide variety of subject areas. All indications are that rapid progress will continue, particularly in the important aspect of reduced costs.
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00978418
DOI	10.1145/953057.810438
Journal	ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (SGCS)
Volume Number	6
Issue Number	1
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	1978-02-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

From teaching-machine to automatic tutor:The changing man-machine interface