NDLI: On the bias of traceroute sampling: Or, power-law degree distributions in regular graphs

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Achlioptas, Dimitris Clauset, Aaron Kempe, David Moore, Cristopher
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	Understanding the graph structure of the Internet is a crucial step for building accurate network models and designing efficient algorithms for Internet applications. Yet, obtaining this graph structure can be a surprisingly difficult task, as edges cannot be explicitly queried. For instance, empirical studies of the network of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses typically rely on indirect methods like $\textit{traceroute}$ to build what are approximately single-source, all-destinations, shortest-path trees. These trees only sample a fraction of the network's edges, and a paper by Lakhina et al. [2003] found empirically that the resulting sample is intrinsically biased. Further, in simulations, they observed that the degree distribution under traceroute sampling exhibits a power law even when the underlying degree distribution is Poisson. In this article, we study the bias of traceroute sampling mathematically and, for a very general class of underlying degree distributions, explicitly calculate the distribution that will be observed. As example applications of our machinery, we prove that traceroute sampling finds power-law degree distributions in both Δ-regular and Poisson-distributed random graphs. Thus, our work puts the observations of Lakhina et al. on a rigorous footing, and extends them to nearly arbitrary degree distributions.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	28
Page Count	28
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00045411
e-ISSN	1557735X
DOI	10.1145/1538902.1538905
Journal	Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Volume Number	56
Issue Number	4
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	2009-07-02
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Internet topology Sampling bias Traceroute
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Hardware and Architecture Information Systems Control and Systems Engineering Artificial Intelligence Software

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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On the bias of traceroute sampling: or, power-law degree distributions in regular graphs

On the bias of traceroute sampling: or, power-law degree distributions in regular graphs (2009)

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