NDLI: AutoTutor and affective autotutor: Learning by talking with cognitively and emotionally intelligent computers that talk back

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AutoTutor and affective autotutor: Learning by talking with cognitively and emotionally intelligent computers that talk back

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Graesser, Art D'mello, Sidney
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	We present AutoTutor and Affective AutoTutor as examples of innovative $21^{st}$ century interactive intelligent systems that promote learning and engagement. AutoTutor is an intelligent tutoring system that helps students compose explanations of difficult concepts in Newtonian physics and enhances computer literacy and critical thinking by interacting with them in natural language with adaptive dialog moves similar to those of human tutors. AutoTutor constructs a cognitive model of students' knowledge levels by analyzing the text of their typed or spoken responses to its questions. The model is used to dynamically tailor the interaction toward individual students' zones of proximal development. Affective AutoTutor takes the individualized instruction and human-like interactivity to a new level by automatically detecting and responding to students' emotional states in addition to their cognitive states. Over 20 controlled experiments comparing AutoTutor with ecological and experimental controls such reading a textbook have consistently yielded learning improvements of approximately one letter grade after brief 30--60-minute interactions. Furthermore, Affective AutoTutor shows even more dramatic improvements in learning than the original AutoTutor system, particularly for struggling students with low domain knowledge. In addition to providing a detailed description of the implementation and evaluation of AutoTutor and Affective AutoTutor, we also discuss new and exciting technologies motivated by AutoTutor such as AutoTutor-Lite, Operation ARIES, GuruTutor, DeepTutor, MetaTutor, and AutoMentor. We conclude this article with our vision for future work on interactive and engaging intelligent tutoring systems.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	39
Page Count	39
File Format	PDF
ISSN	21606455
e-ISSN	21606463
DOI	10.1145/2395123.2395128
Volume Number	2
Issue Number	4
Journal	ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS)
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	2013-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Intelligent tutoring systems Affect detection and synthesis Affective computing Constructivism Deep learning Natural language understanding Student modeling User modeling
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Artificial Intelligence Human-Computer Interaction

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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