NDLI: Design of directivity patterns with a unique null of maximum multiplicity

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Benesty, Jacob Chen, Jingdong Pan, Chao
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Differential beamforming is one of the most popular beamforming approaches, which has the great potential to form frequency-invariant directivity patterns. In this paper, we study the design of beampatterns with multiple nulls in the same direction, which is clearly different from the design of beampatterns with distinct nulls. Our contributions are as follows. First, we show how to constrain multiple nulls to the same direction and design the desired beampattern with both the traditional and robust approaches. Second, we derive an explicit form of the white noise gain (WNG) of the traditional approach as a function of the frequency, interelement spacing, and null direction, which shows that the cardioid is the optimal beampattern as far as the WNG is concerned. Third, we prove that the WNG improvement of the robust approach rarely depends on the null direction at low frequencies. Finally, considering the fact that the robust differential beamforming approach may produce a frequency-dependent beampattern while improving the WNG, we develop a weighted-norm approach that can make a good compromise between the robustness of differential beamforming with respect to white noise and the frequency-invariant beampattern. The performance of the developed approach is verified by simulations.
Starting Page	226
Ending Page	235
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	23299290
e-ISSN	23299304
DOI	10.1109/TASLP.2015.2504866
Volume Number	24
Issue Number	2
Journal	IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing (TASLP)
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	2016-02-01
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Beamforming Beampattern design Differential microphone arrays Directivity factor Microphone arrays White noise gain
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Instrumentation Computational Mathematics Signal Processing Electrical and Electronic Engineering Acoustics and Ultrasonics Speech and Hearing Media Technology

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