NDLI: Efficient Memory-Mapped I/O on Fast Storage Device

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Efficient Memory-Mapped I/O on Fast Storage Device

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Han, Hyuck Son, Yongseok Yeom, Heon Young Song, Nae Young
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	In modern operating systems, memory-mapped I/O $(\textit{mmio})$ is an important access method that maps a file or file-like resource to a region of memory. The mapping allows applications to access data from files through memory semantics (i.e., load/store) and it provides ease of programming. The number of applications that use $\textit{mmio}$ are increasing because memory semantics can provide better performance than file semantics (i.e., read/write). As more data are located in the main memory, the performance of applications can be enhanced owing to the effect of a large cache. When $\textit{mmio}$ is used, hot data tend to reside in the main memory and cold data are located in storage devices such as HDD and SSD; data placement in the memory hierarchy depends on the virtual memory subsystem of the operating system. Generally, the performance of storage devices has a direct impact on the performance of $\textit{mmio}.$ It is widely expected that better storage devices will lead to better performance. However, the expectation is limited when fast storage devices are used since the virtual memory subsystem does not reflect the performance feature of those devices. In this article, we examine the Linux virtual memory subsystem and $\textit{mmio}$ path to determine the influence of fast storage on the existing Linux kernel. Throughout our investigation, we find that the overhead of the Linux virtual memory subsystem, negligible on the HDD, prevents applications from using the full performance of fast storage devices. To reduce the overheads and fully exploit the fast storage devices, we present several optimization techniques. We modify the Linux kernel to implement our optimization techniques and evaluate our prototyped system with low-latency storage devices. Experimental results show that our optimized $\textit{mmio}$ has up to 7x better performance than the original $\textit{mmio}.$ We also compare our system to a system that has enough memory to keep all data in the main memory. The system with insufficient memory and our $\textit{mmio}$ achieves 92% performance of the resource-rich system. This result implies that our virtual memory subsystem for $\textit{mmap}$ can effectively extend the main memory with fast storage devices.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	27
Page Count	27
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15533077
e-ISSN	15533093
DOI	10.1145/2846100
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	4
Journal	ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	2016-05-20
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Memory-mapped Data-intensive Nonvolatile memory Virtual memory system
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Hardware and Architecture

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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