NDLI: Decoupling algorithms from schedules for easy optimization of image processing pipelines

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Adams, Andrew Ragan-kelley, Jonathan Amarasinghe, Saman Levoy, Marc Paris, Sylvain Durand, Frédo
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Using existing programming tools, writing high-performance image processing code requires sacrificing readability, portability, and modularity. We argue that this is a consequence of conflating what computations define the $\textit{algorithm},$ with decisions about $\textit{storage}$ and the $\textit{order}$ of computation. We refer to these latter two concerns as the $\textit{schedule},$ including choices of tiling, fusion, recomputation vs. storage, vectorization, and parallelism. We propose a representation for feed-forward imaging pipelines that separates the algorithm from its schedule, enabling high-performance without sacrificing code clarity. This decoupling simplifies the algorithm specification: images and intermediate buffers become functions over an infinite integer domain, with no explicit storage or boundary conditions. Imaging pipelines are compositions of functions. Programmers separately specify scheduling strategies for the various functions composing the algorithm, which allows them to efficiently explore different optimizations without changing the algorithmic code. We demonstrate the power of this representation by expressing a range of recent image processing applications in an embedded domain specific language called Halide, and compiling them for ARM, x86, and GPUs. Our compiler targets SIMD units, multiple cores, and complex memory hierarchies. We demonstrate that it can handle algorithms such as a camera raw pipeline, the bilateral grid, fast local Laplacian filtering, and image segmentation. The algorithms expressed in our language are both shorter and faster than state-of-the-art implementations.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	12
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	07300301
e-ISSN	15577368
DOI	10.1145/2185520.2185528
Volume Number	31
Issue Number	4
Journal	ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	2012-07-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Compilers Image processing Performance
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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