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| Content Provider | ACM Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | Tran, Jessica J. Wobbrock, Jacob O. Ladner, Richard E. Riskin, Eve A. |
| Copyright Year | 2015 |
| Abstract | Mobile sign language video conversations can become unintelligible if high video transmission rates cause network congestion and delayed video. In an effort to understand the perceived lower limits of intelligible sign language video intended for mobile communication, we evaluated sign language video transmitted at four low frame rates (1, 5, 10, and 15 frames per second [fps]) and four low fixed bit rates (15, 30, 60, and 120 kilobits per second [kbps]) at a constant spatial resolution of 320 × 240 pixels. We discovered an “intelligibility ceiling effect,” in which increasing the frame rate above 10fps did not improve perceived intelligibility, and increasing the bit rate above 60kbps produced diminishing returns. Given the study parameters, our findings suggest that relaxing the recommended frame rate and bit rate to 10fps at 60kbps will provide intelligible video conversations while reducing total bandwidth consumption to 25% of the ITU-T standard (at least 25fps and 100kbps). As part of this work, we developed the Human Signal Intelligibility Model, a new conceptual model useful for informing evaluations of video intelligibility and our methodology for creating linguistically accessible web surveys for deaf people. We also conducted a battery-savings experiment quantifying battery drain when sign language video is transmitted at the lower frame rates and bit rates. Results confirmed that increasing the transmission rates monotonically decreased the battery life. |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| Ending Page | 26 |
| Page Count | 26 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 19367228 |
| e-ISSN | 19367236 |
| DOI | 10.1145/2797142 |
| Volume Number | 7 |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| Journal | ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS) |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) |
| Publisher Date | 2015-11-14 |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | American Sign Language Deaf community Intelligibility Battery power Bit rate Communication model Comprehension Frame rate Mobile phone Smartphone Video compression Web survey |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Human-Computer Interaction Computer Science Applications |
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