NDLI: Introduction to Membrane Transport

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Membrane Transport

Introduction to Membrane Transport

Measuring the Electrochemical Gradient

Measuring the Electrochemical Gradient (Part II)

ABC Transporters

Secondary Transporters

Membrane Channels

Ion Specificy and Structure of Ion Channels

High Rates of Ion Channels

Voltage-Gated Ion Channels

Ligand-Gated Ion Channels

Resting Membrane Potential

Generation of Action Potential

Cancer and Termination of Signal Pathways

Signal Transduction Pathways

Introduction to Membrane Transport

Content Provider	AK Lectures
Description	Small and non-polar molecules such as oxygen and water can dissolve within the hydrophobic core of the membrane. Therefore, these types of molecules can easily cross the membrane without the help of any type of integral membrane protein. This process is called simple diffusion and the molecules always move from a high to a low concentration gradient. What about large or polar molecules, such as ions and sugar molecules? These types of molecules cannot dissolve within the hydrophobic core and therefore must rely on special transport membrane proteins to cross the membrane. There are two types of transport membrane proteins - channels and pumps. Membrane channels are integral membrane proteins that create a passageway for the molecules and allow them to move through the membrane without ever interacting with the hydrophobic core. These channels move the molecules down their electrochemical gradient. This implies that no energy is used in the process and so it is called passive transport. Since the channel simply facilitates the diffusion of the molecule down its gradient, we also refer to it as facilitated diffusion (not to be confused with simple diffusion). Membrane pumps however utilize energy to move the molecules against their electrochemical gradient. That is why we call this mode of movement active transport. Pumps are used to actually establish the gradient that is then used by the membrane channels. There are two types of pumps - ATPases and secondary transporters.
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Biochemistry mode Small Pumps molecules gradient channel molecule transport ATPases movement
Content Type	Video
Educational Role	Teacher Student
Educational Use	Self Learning Lecture Reading
Resource Type	Video Lecture
Education Level	Under Graduate
Subject	Biochemistry

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