NDLI: X-Ray Diffraction and Bragg Equation

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X-Ray Diffraction and Bragg Equation

Content Provider	AK Lectures
Description	Following the discovery of the x-ray, scientists began to wonder if a diffraction pattern could be produced using this new form of electromagnetic radiation. As Young showed in the double-slit experiment, visible light (a type of electromagnetic radiation) readily produces a diffraction pattern as long as the size of the opening of the slit is on the order of the wavelength of the light (10^6 m). The difficulty in producing a diffraction pattern using x-ray lies in the fact that x-rays have a very small wavelength, much smaller than the size of the slits. In 1912, a German physicist by the name of Max von Laue proposed that if the spacing between the atoms in a crystal is small enough, they can actually be used to form a diffraction pattern. In fact, experiments were done to show that a crystal lattice can in fact be used to produce a diffraction pattern using x-ray and this became known as x-ray diffraction. X-ray diffraction (sometimes known as x-ray crystallography) developed into a technique used by scientists to study the structure of molecules. The Bragg equation provides us with a method to determine the spacing between the atoms inside the molecules. In fact, the structure of DNA as well as important blood and muscle proteins such as hemoglobin and myoglobin were discovered by using x-ray crystallography.
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Classical Physics diffraction pattern DNA discovery crystal experiments slits name blood hemoglobin
Content Type	Video
Educational Role	Teacher Student
Educational Use	Self Learning Lecture Reading
Resource Type	Video Lecture
Education Level	Under Graduate
Subject	Physics

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